White House Historical Association

Mrs. Nowland


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"Mrs. Nowland," White House Workers History Project, White House Historical Association, 2026, https://whha.whirlihost.com/Detail/workers/196.
Position
Nurse
Years in President's House
circa 1828 – 1829
Legal Status
Free Person
Gender
Female
Race/Ethnicity
White
Biography

Mrs. Nowland was born around 1762 though few details about her early life, including her first name, are known.1 She worked as a servant and nurse for the family of President John Quincy Adams from at least 1828. On December 1, 1828, President Adams wrote in his diary that Mrs. Nowland acted as a nurse for Mary Hellen, the wife of his son John, as she gave birth to daughter Mary Louisa Adams.2 Hellen and John lived at the White House at the time.3 

When Adams’s term as president ended in 1829, Mrs. Nowland stayed in his family’s employ and moved with them to Quincy, Massachusetts. She cared for Louisa Catherine Adams, Hellen and her infant daughter Mary, and even held the baby when she was baptized on September 26, 1830.4 She also may have helped prepare meals for Adams and his family.5 She remained in the Adams household until November 16, 1832, when she moved into the home of her son-in-law.6 Over the next several years, she continued to visit the Adams family on occasion, with the last recorded visit occurring in 1838.7 Little else is known about Mrs. Nowland at this time.8

  1. In 1830, John Quincy Adams listed the ages of his household staff and noted that Mrs. Nowland was sixty-age years old, which would put her birth date around 1762. See John Quincy Adams Digital Diary, June 30, 1860, https://www.primarysourcecoop.org/publications/jqa/document/jqadiaries-v36-1830-06-p465--entry30?navmode=searchresults&doci=9&ss=Nowland.
  2. John Quincy Adams Digital Diary, December 1, 1828, https://www.primarysourcecoop.org/publications/jqa/document/jqadiaries-v36i-1828-12-p065--entry1?navmode=searchresults&doci=2&ss=Nowland.
  3. Lindsay Chervinsky and Callie Hopkins, “The Enslaved Household of President John Quincy Adams,” White House History, January 3, 2020, https://www.whitehousehistory.org/the-enslaved-household-of-john-quincy-adams.
  4. John Quincy Adams Digital Diary, September 26, 1830, https://www.primarysourcecoop.org/publications/jqa/document/jqadiaries-v36-1830-09-p534--entry26?navmode=searchresults&doci=10&ss=Nowland.
  5. In a diary entry in October, 1830, Adams states that his breakfast routine changed after Mrs. Nowland’s departure. See John Quincy Adams Digital Diary, October 28, 1830, https://www.primarysourcecoop.org/publications/jqa/document/jqadiaries-v38-1830-10-p001--entry32?navmode=searchresults&doci=7&ss=Nowlan.
  6. The identity of her son-in-law is unknown at this time. John Quincy Adams Digital Diary, November 16, 1832, https://www.primarysourcecoop.org/publications/jqa/document/jqadiaries-v47-1832-11-p455--entry16?navmode=searchresults&doci=40&ss=Nowlan.
  7. John Quincy Adams Digital Diary, November 14, 1833, https://www.primarysourcecoop.org/publications/jqa/document/jqadiaries-v39-1833-11-p173--entry14?navmode=searchresults&doci=43&ss=Nowlan, and John Quincy Adams Digital Diary, April 9, 1838, https://www.primarysourcecoop.org/publications/jqa/document/jqadiaries-v48-1838-04-p798--entry9?navmode=searchresults&doci=46&ss=Nowlan.
  8. The 1860 Census listed a Ruth Nowland living in Massachusetts and working as a housekeeper. It says she was born around 1762 which means she could be the same Mrs. Nowland that worked at the White House. “Ruth Nowland” in the 1860 Federal Census, National Archives in Washington D.C.; Record Group: Records of the Bureau of the Census; Record Group Number: 29; Series Number: M653; Residence Date: 1860; Home in 1860: Westport, Bristol, Massachusetts; Roll: M653_491; Page: 404; Family History Library Film: 803491, Ancestry.com, https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7667/records/300236?tid=&pid=&queryId=f51ac2b6-9377-4268-acf2-8273ce319638&_phsrc=KCT1419&_phstart=successSource.
Birthplace
Unclear from context
Unclear from context