Fidus Imhoff
- Position
- Footman
- Years in President's House
- 1789 – 1793
- Legal Status
- Free Person
- Gender
- Male
- Race/Ethnicity
- White
- Presidency
- George Washington
- Biography
Fidus Imhoff was born in Germany around 1760 and may have initially come to the United States as a German mercenary fighting for the British during the American Revolution.1 At some point after his arrival to the United States, he married a woman named Jane (Jeane) Imhoff.
In 1789, Fidus began working for George Washington at both presidential residences in New York. He worked alongside his wife, Jane, who was employed as a housemaid. They then moved with the Washingtons to Philadelphia.2 He served as a footman, earning $10.00 per month, serving meals and running errands. In this role he wore white and red livery with the Washington coat of arms and “cocked hats, gloves, and highly polished shoes.”3 In November 1790, his wife left the household, likely because she gave birth to a child. The birth of their child, Johann, was recorded in church records in 1790.4 Fidus continued working for the Washingtons in Philadelphia through March 1793, when he last appeared in household account records.5
After leaving the president’s household, Fidus and his family moved back to New York. In 1795, the Imhoffs had another child, Jeany.6 In 1807, Fidus became a naturalized citizen. Documentation of his naturalization indicates that he worked as a porter.7 Fidus died on July 5, 1814 in Manhattan and was buried at a “Potter’s Field,” the common name of a burial location for poor or unknown people.8
- There are numerous spellings of Imhoff’s first name. There are several records for men named Vitus or Vetus Imhoff on immigration lists in the early 1780’s related to German mercenary troops fighting for the British during the American Revolution. It is likely one of these individuals is the same person that later worked for President George Washington. In addition, there is an 1807 naturalization record for Fitus Imhoff. “Vitus Imhoff in the New York, New York, U.S., Vital Records, Births 1847-1897, Marriages 1847-1903,” Ancestry, Accessed September 24, 2025, https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/62518/records/377087?tid=&pid=&queryId=dad71058-a748-48b8-a5c9-be8771cf15da&_phsrc=OuO575&_phstart=successSource; “Vitus Imhoff in the U.S. and Canada, Passenger and Immigration Lists Index, 1500’s-1900’s, Ancestry, accessed September 24, 2025, https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7486/records/2490945?tid=&pid=&queryId=98c51007-2b20-4663-8d3c-fa5af7811639&_phsrc=OuO577&_phstart=successSource; “Vetus Imhoff in the U.S. and Canada, Passenger and Immigration Lists Index, 1500s-1900s,” Ancestry, accessed September 24, 2025, https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7486/records/2048691?tid=&pid=&queryId=36550225-b05a-44f8-99ac-65471a882048&_phsrc=OuO571&_phstart=successSource; “Vitus Imhoff in the U.S. and Canada, Passenger and Immigration Lists Index, 1500s-1900s,” Ancestry, accessed September 24, 2025, https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7486/records/2490944?tid=&pid=&queryId=ce5f3c9d-7469-42bc-8f96-3104e20273c3&_phsrc=OuO579&_phstart=successSource; “Fitus Imhoff in the New York, U.S., State and Federal Naturalization Records, 1794-1943, Ancestry, accessed September 24, 2025, https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/2280/records/16039?tid=&pid=&queryId=36550225-b05a-44f8-99ac-65471a882048&_phsrc=OuO571&_phstart=successSource.
- “Letter to George Washington from Tobias Lear,” September 12, 1790, Founders Online, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/05-06-02-0204; Stephen Decatur, Jr., Private Affairs of George Washington: from the Records and Accounts of Tobias Lear, Esquire, (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1933), 8.
- Stephen Decatur, Jr., Private Affairs of George Washington: from the Records and Accounts of Tobias Lear, Esquire, (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1933), 12.; “Washington’s Household Account Book, 1793-1797," The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, Vol. 29, No. 4 (1905), 888, https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/20085306.pdf?refreqid=fastly-default:91eb922c9fb2e34b038cc6b9a74d2c73&ab_segments=&initiator=&acceptTC=1.
- Stephen Decatur, Jr., Private Affairs of George Washington: from the Records and Accounts of Tobias Lear, Esquire, (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1933), 163.“Fidius Imhoff in the U.S., Dutch Reformed Church Records in Selected States, 1639-1989,” Ancestry, accessed September 24, 2025, https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/6961/records/150230239?tid=&pid=&queryId=98c51007-2b20-4663-8d3c-fa5af7811639&_phsrc=OuO577&_phstart=successSource.
- “Washington’s Household Account Book, 1793-1797," The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, Vol. 29, No. 4 (1905), 888, https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/20085306.pdf?refreqid=fastly-default:91eb922c9fb2e34b038cc6b9a74d2c73&ab_segments=&initiator=&acceptTC=1.
- “Jeany Imhoff in the U.S. Dutch Reformed Church Records in Selected States, 1639-1989,” Ancestry, accessed September 24, 2025, https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/6961/records/228577?tid=&pid=&queryId=a1a90328-4a03-4423-8173-add7f503a783&_phsrc=OuO587&_phstart=successSource.
- “Fitus Imhoff in the New York, U.S., State and Federal Naturalization Records, 1794-1943," Ancestry, accessed September 24, 2025, https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/2280/records/16039?tid=&pid=&queryId=36550225-b05a-44f8-99ac-65471a882048&_phsrc=OuO571&_phstart=successSource.
- Fidus died of dysentery in a New York hospital. “Vitus Imhoff in the New York, New York, U.S. Vital Records, Births 1847-1897, Marriages 1847-1903, Deaths 1798-1900,” Ancestry, accessed September 24, 2025, https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/62518/records/377087?tid=&pid=&queryId=dad71058-a748-48b8-a5c9-be8771cf15da&_phsrc=OuO575&_phstart=successSource.
- Birthplace
- Germany
- Potter's Field in Manhattan
- Related Worker
- Jane ImhoffHousekeeping and Laundry, 1789 – 1790
