White House Historical Association

Bridget Smith


Ask a Historian Download as PDF
Cite this Page
"Bridget Smith," White House Workers History Project, White House Historical Association, 2026, https://whha.whirlihost.com/Detail/workers/473.
Position
Maid
Years in President's House
1881 – circa 1885
Legal Status
Free Person
Gender
Female
Race/Ethnicity
White
Biography

Limited information is available about Bridget Smith’s early life. She was born in Ireland around 1850 and immigrated to the United States sometime prior to the 1880s. (1) (2) Smith was employed by Chester A. Arthur in New York City during his tenure as collector of the Port of New York, the federal official responsible for overseeing customs operations at the port. (3) She served as a chambermaid and accompanied Arthur and his children to Washington when he became vice president and subsequently president in 1881. (4)

Smith served as a housekeeper at the White House, a position funded through congressional appropriations. In this role, she cleaned and maintained the family's private living quarters. (5)

Smith is documented at the White House through 1884, but likely continued in her position through the end of Arthur’s presidency in March 1885. (6) Arthur later bequeathed Smith a sum of money in his will, suggesting the esteem in which she was held by the Arthur family. (7) Further details about her later life and the circumstances of her death are unknown.

(1) Official Register of the United States, Containing a List of the Officers and Employees in the Civil, Military, and Naval Service (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1883), 370, https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=loc.ark:/13960/t39z9xh7r&seq=384&q1="Bridget+Smith"; https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/6742/images/4242229-00825?pId=3346197 
(2) “White House Bills,” St. Louis Post-Dispatch (St. Louis, Missouri), May 20, 1884, 1, https://www.newspapers.com/image/137820459/?terms="Bridget Smith"&match=1. 
(3) 1880 U.S. Census, New York City, New York County, New York, Bridget Smith, https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/6742/images/4242229-00825?pId=3346197.  
(4) Official Register of the United States, Containing a List of the Officers and Employees in the Civil, Military, and Naval Service (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1883), 370, https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=loc.ark:/13960/t39z9xh7r&seq=384&q1="Bridget+Smith".   
(5) “White House Bills,” St. Louis Post-Dispatch (St. Louis, Missouri), May 20, 1884, 1, https://www.newspapers.com/image/137820459/?terms="Bridget Smith"&match=1. 
(6) Washington, District of Columbia, City Directory, 1884 (Washington, D.C.: R. L. Polk & Co., 1884), 759, https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2469/images/15899468ssrc=&queryId=8d0afbfb-31ac-483c-8164-e7c271b3c0d1&usePUB=true&pId=1028588085.
(7) “Ex-President Arthur’s Will,” The Washington Post (Washington, District of Columbia), December 5, 1886, 1, https://www.newspapers.com/image/1037692746/?match=1&clipping_id=new. 
Birthplace
Ireland