Arnold W. Dixon
- Positions
- Butler
- Pantryman
- Years in President's House
- circa 1911 – 1920
- Legal Status
- Free Person
- Gender
- Male
- Race/Ethnicity
- Black or African American
- Presidency
- William Howard Taft
- Biography
Arnold Whitted Dixon was born on September 18, 1889, in Fulton, Arkansas.1 By 1900, Dixon’s family moved to Washington, D.C.2 In June 1910, he married a woman named Edith M. Sharper in Washington, D.C. and they had one child.3 Prior to his time at the White House, Dixon worked as a butler for a private family.4
Dixon’s first appearance in White House records was in 1911 on an organizational chart of the Residence Staff under President William Taft; Dixon worked under Housekeeper Elizabeth A. Jaffray and earned $50.00 per month.5 City directories indicate that Dixon worked at the White House as a pantryman and butler, washing dishes and serving guests. According to fellow employee Lillian Rogers Parks, Dixon worked as the “third butler,” while Adough Byrd worked as second butler and James Coats worked as first butler. Dixon’s last known appearance in records related to the White House is the 1920 Census, where he was listed as a waiter.6
After departing the White House, Dixon continued to work as a butler, likely in private homes in Washington.7 He died on February 28, 1961 and was buried at Pleasant Grove Cemetery in McLean, Virginia.8- The White House Workers History Project relies on the U.S. Census Bureau’s updated guidelines for collecting demographic data related to race and ethnicity published in 2024. Adhering to these categories, this project identifies this person as Black or African American; however, there is documentation or other evidence suggesting that they were multiracial or mixed race. It is important to recognize that historical terms such as “mulatto” and “colored” are problematic, as these reflect the document writer’s views and the historical period more than the individual’s preferences or identity. “U.S., World War II Draft Registration Cards, 1942 for Arnold W. Dixon,” Ancestry, accessed June 9, 2026, https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/1002/images/44467_01_00003-01195?ssrc=&queryId=367de761-aec3-4800-9aee-08a99f255818&usePUB=true&pId=17739859.
- “Arnold Dixon in 1900 United States Federal Census,” Ancestry, accessed June 29, 2026, https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/7602/images/4119673_00868?queryId=aadc57f7-4930-4c18-8c25-fbe07d93c9e5&usePUB=true&usePUBJs=true&pId=33861001.
- “Licensed to Marry,” The Washington Post, June 15, 1910, https://www.newspapers.com/image/31554432/?match=1&terms=Arnold W. Dixon; “Births Reported,” The Washington Herald, December 20, 1910, https://www.newspapers.com/image/48237001/?match=1&terms=Arnold W. Dixon.
- “Arnold W Dixon in 1910 United States Federal Census,” Ancestry, accessed June 29, 2026, https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/7884/images/31111_4327439-00495?queryId=b8f3f00f-ff07-44eb-b5a0-6b5a2395b4ad&usePUB=true&usePUBJs=true&pId=151928333.
- William H. Taft, William H. Taft Papers: Series 6: Executive Office Correspondence (Presidential Series No. 2), 1909-1913; 500K-502A, Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/resource/mss42234.mss42234-396_0020_1132/?sp=1053&r=0.502,0.345,0.377,0.225,0.
- "Oral history interview, 1985," HSW Oral History Collection OHT 1985. P37; “Arnold W. Dixon in U.S., City Directories, 1822-1995, 1919,” Ancestry, accessed June 29, 2026, https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2469/images/15821665?queryId=aadc57f7-4930-4c18-8c25-fbe07d93c9e5&usePUB=true&usePUBJs=true&pId=102102819; “Arnold M Dixon in U.S., City Directories, 1822-1995, 1920” Ancestry, accessed June 29, 2026, https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2469/images/15861033?queryId=b8f3f00f-ff07-44eb-b5a0-6b5a2395b4ad&usePUB=true&usePUBJs=true&pId=102447406; “Arnold Dixon in 1920 United States Federal Census,” Ancestry, accessed June 29, 2026, https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/6061/images/4295774-00495?queryId=aadc57f7-4930-4c18-8c25-fbe07d93c9e5&usePUB=true&usePUBJs=true&pId=19706929.
- “Arnold Dixon in U.S., City Directories, 1822-1995, 1924,” Ancestry, accessed June 29, 2026, https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2469/images/15901738?rc=&queryId=0e5c48d6-640a-468b-96e1-f53d2372eebe&usePUB=true&usePUBJs=true&pId=1028750996; “Arnold W Dixon in 1930 United States Federal Census,” Ancestry, accessed June 29, 2026, https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/6224/images/4531897_00473?queryId=cf10b3ad-03a6-4ed1-8078-d254f5f25f55&usePUB=true&usePUBJs=true&pId=121344144.
- “Dixon, Arnold W.” The Washington Evening Star, March 3, 1961, https://www.newspapers.com/image/871121232/?article=e4a64daf-9bde-41ed-aa44-7975b996385a&terms=Arnold W. Dixon.
- Birthplace
- Fulton, Arkansas, USA
- Pleasant Grove Cemetery
- Related Workers
- James Coatscirca 1911 – 1915
- Adough M. ByrdKitchen, Dining Room, Pantry, and Storeroom, circa 1905 – 1913
- Elizabeth A. JaffrayHousekeeping and Laundry, 1909 – 1926
- Lillian Rogers ParksHousekeeping and Laundry, 1929 – 1960
